ARM 芯片和 atom 芯片的性能比较见于 wikipedia:
Embedded processors based on the ARM Cortex-A8 architecture (such as TI's OMAP 3 series, Qualcomm Snapdragon) offer similar performance to the low end Atom chipsets but at roughly one quarter the power consumption, and (like most ARM systems) is a single integrated system on a chip, rather than a two chip solution like the current Atom line.功耗差别还是挺大的。
ARM 系列芯片的详细列表请看 wikipedia. ARM 公司自己并不生产芯片,而是收取许可费,提供符合不同需要的软核或者硬核。因此 ARM 的策略并非 Intel 一样的在每台电脑上贴上 “Intel Inside”的标签. 但是基本上每一台智能手机里面都有一个 ARM 处理器,只不过你看到的可能是厂商为 TI, Qualcomm, Samsung, Freescale, Marvell 等的芯片。
比如 Nokia 智能手机一般用 TI 的OMAP 系列芯片。下面为 N95 的内部结构图。
这些包含 ARM 处理器的芯片就是应用处理器 (application processor),其中除了包含 ARM 外,一般还可能包含视频加速,图像处理,DSP,GPS 等协处理器,或者有软件加速的功能。总之不会是只有一个 ARM 核。
比如 OMAP3420,它包含 600 MHz ARM Cortex A8 + PowerVR SGX 530 GPU + 430MHz C64x+ DSP + ISP (Image Signal Processor),430MHz C64x+ DSP 是一个 TI 3200 系列的 DSP。
又比如 Marvell 的 PXA310 的功能说明:
The PXA310 processor series includes the following key features:
• Processing up to 624 MHz for faster end-user experiences, such as rendering rich Web2.0 content, and scalable headroom for multitasking with advanced 3.5G usage models
• Marvell® Scalable Power Manager technology for MIPS/mW power effi ciency, delivering long battery life
• Integrated hardware video acceleration and hardware security/DRM processing for up to D1 video playback and camcorder functionality, video telephony, and digital TV
• Enhanced peripheral speeds and features, including support for camera sensors up to 5 megapixels (MP), help reduce BOM cost
• Package options of a discrete 13x13 mm and a 15x15 mm package-on-package (PoP) package with stacked NAND fl ash and mobile DDR memory enable sleek form-factors
也有一些处理器融合了基带处理的功能,这样就不用两个芯片了,手机内只要一个处理器。比如黑莓 curve.
附,如上的手机内部结构图都是从 phonewreck 网站上下载的,这个网站专门拆好机器,分析内部结构和零部件。Nokia, blackberry, T1 等等手机都有。
接下来要说一说 Netbook 市场,根据一个市场调研的前言,
手机上的操作系统可能有很多,windows mobile, linux, symbian 等等,但是 netbook 作为 notebook 的延伸,其操作系统现在大部分是 windows。由于 ARM 架构的芯片目前不能兼容 windows,因此就限制了 ARM 芯片在 Netbook 的发展。Netbook is the highlight of electronic products, and also is the battle field between ARM and Intel. OMAP3640, the masterpiece of Texas Instruments, enjoy the overwhelming advantage regarding cost, volume and power consumption, while Intel enjoys the advantages of performance, the operation of complicated software, and industrial support.
但是 Netbook 市场现在太火爆了,大家都想进来。目前,传统的 PC 厂商是更愿意用 atom,而智能手机厂商更愿意使用基于 ARM 的平台。
MID,mobile internet divice, 是介于智能手机和 netbook 之间的产品。典型的 netbook 屏幕在 9 英寸以上,手机的屏幕在 3.5 英寸。之间的空间都可以是 MID.
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