Math package

Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) is a de facto application programming interface
standard for publishing libraries to perform basic linear algebra operations such
as vector and matrix multiplication. They were first published in 1979, and are used to
build larger packages such as LAPACK. Heavily used in high-performance computing,
highly optimized implementations of the BLAS interface have been developed by hardware
vendors such as by Intel as well as by other authors (e.g. ATLAS is a portable
self-optimizing BLAS). The LINPACK benchmark relies heavily on DGEMM, a BLAS
subroutine, for its performance.
LAPACK, the Linear Algebra PACKage, is a software library for numerical computing
written in Fortran 77. It provides routines for solving systems of simultaneous
linear equations, least-squares solutions of linear systems of equations, eigenvalue problems,
Householder transformation to implement QR decomposition on a matrix and
singular value problems.
LAPACK depends upon the Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) in order
to effectively exploit the caches on modern cache-based architectures, and thus can
run orders of magnitude faster than LINPACK on such machines, given a well-tuned
BLAS implementation.

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